ABSTRACT
Background: Though much research has been done on the cognitive profiles of children, the abilities of patients with SBM as they age into adulthood are not well understood.Objective: Determine if adults with SBM have impairments in overall cognition, attention, executive function, and memory compared to typically developing adults or a standardized population mean.Methods: A medical librarian composed a search of spina bifida, adults, and cognitive function. 549 results were screened using title and abstract. Data were extracted using Covidence review software, including risk of bias assessments. 24 studies were included.Results: Memory impairments, notably working and prospective, have been reported. Results in other domains varied. Average VIQ or PIQ did not imply lack of impairment in other specific domains.Conclusion: Memory impairments should be accounted for and neuropsychological testing should be considered when providing care to adults with SBM. Future longitudinal cognitive aging and interventional studies are needed.
Subject(s)
Meningomyelocele , Spinal Dysraphism , Adult , Child , Cognition , Humans , Neuropsychological Tests , Prospective Studies , Spinal Dysraphism/complicationsABSTRACT
BACKGROUND: Coronavirus 2019 (COVID-19) has spread rapidly around the world to become a global pandemic. There is limited data on the impact of COVID-19 among patients with cancer. METHODS: A systematic review was performed to determine outcomes of adult patients with cancer affected by coronavirus infections, specifically SARS, MERS, and COVID-19. Studies were independently screened by two reviewers and assessed for quality and bias. Outcomes measured included study characteristics, cancer type, phase of care at the time of diagnosis, and clinical presentation. Morbidity and mortality outcomes were analyzed to assess the severity of infection as compared to the general population. RESULTS: A total of 19 studies with 110 patients were included. Of these, 66.4% had COVID-19 infections, 32.7% MERS and only one patient with SARS. The majority of COVID-19 studies were based on studies in China. There was a 56.6% rate of a severe event, including ICU admission or requiring mechanical ventilation, with an overall 44.5% fatality rate. CONCLUSIONS: Patients with cancer with coronavirus infections may be more susceptible to higher morbidity and mortality.